Packet 1: Bonus 10

At the Solvay conference, Einstein showed that energy was a quantity described by this adjective in response to the problem of the Rayleigh–Lorentz pendulum. For 10 points each:
[10m] What adjective names invariants that remain approximately constant under a slow change?
ANSWER: adiabatic [accept adiabatic invariants]
[10e] The adiabatic theorem implies that variables named for their resemblance to this quantity are adiabatic invariants. This quantity is the time-integral of the Lagrangian.
ANSWER: action [accept action variables]
[10h] While action variables are adiabatic invariants, the change in an angle variable has contributions from this effect and a frequency-dependent term. This geometric change in phase is the classical analogue of the Berry phase.
ANSWER: Hannay angle
<Editors, Physics> | U. Finals 1 (Editors 11)

HeardPPBE %M %H %
120.00100%100%0%

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Summary

TournamentEditionMatchHeardPPBE %M %H %
Main Site2026-04-17✓120.00100%100%0%