Packet 4: Tossup 3

Materials with a high degree of this property are classified by a ZSA diagram. This property causes the phenomenon responsible for the formation of spinons, orbitons, and holons, which characterize (-5[1])Tomonaga–Luttinger liquids. This property is described with an effective mass term in “heavy fermion” materials. (-5[1])Systems with this property cannot be described by mean-field theory. This property is theorized to cause “composite fermions” (-5[1])to explain the fractional quantum Hall effect. (10[1]-5[2])Metal–insulator (-5[1])transitions described by the Mott–Hubbard model are said to “strongly” (-5[1])exhibit this property, as they (10[1])cannot be described as Fermi liquids. Møller–Plesset perturbation theory accounts for this phenomenon, thus making it (10[1])a post-Hartree–Fock method. For 10 points, name this statistical phenomenon in which nearby electrons (10[1]-5[1])have related properties. (10[2])■END■ (10[9]0[8])

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