Packet 4: Bonus 16
Lesions created in this disease have a fibrous cap and a necrotic core and often begin with a fatty streak in the intimal layer. For 10 points each:
[10e] Name this major cause of cardiovascular disease, which is characterized by buildup of plaque on artery walls, often the coronary or carotid arteries.
ANSWER: atherosclerosis [prompt on atheroma; prompt on arteriosclerosis]
[10m] Within atherosclerotic plaques, these cells likely transdifferentiate from an HMOX1-plus (“H-mox-one-plus”) phenotype to a TREM2-hi (“trem-2-high”) phenotype. These cells take up oxidized LDL within plaques.
ANSWER: foam cells [prompt on leukocytes or white blood cells or WBC or monocytes or macrophages or M1 macrophages or M2 macrophages]
[10h] This protein on the surface of HDL particles promotes efflux of cholesterol from foam cells. This protein has a notable Milano variant associated with significantly decreased heart disease and decreased HDL.
ANSWER: ApoA-1 [or apolipoprotein A-1; prompt on apo or apolipoprotein]
<Toronto B, Biology> | D. Prelims 4 - Toronto B + Harvard + Michigan + Minnesota
| Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | 10.95 | 76% | 33% | 0% |
Conversion
| Team | Opponent | Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Total | Parts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bruin | Chicago B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cambridge | UCF | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Columbia A | British Columbia | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Columbia B | NYU B | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 | EM |
| Illinois A | Northwestern B | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 | EM |
| Illinois B | Georgia Tech C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Indiana | Pittsburgh | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 | EM |
| Johns Hopkins | Brown | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
| MIT | Waterloo | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Maryland A | Cornell | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Northwestern A | Stanford A | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 | EM |
| Ohio State | Georgetown | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Penn State | Georgia Tech B | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | M |
| Rutgers | Virginia | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Swarthmore | Georgia Tech A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Toronto A | UCLA | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
| UC Berkeley A | North Carolina | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 | EM |
| UC Berkeley B | Stanford B | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Vanderbilt | NYU A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Virginia Tech | Maryland B | 10 | 10 | 0 | 20 | EM |
| WashU | Texas | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | E |
Summary
| Tournament | Edition | Match | Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main Site | 2026-04-17 | ✓ | 21 | 10.95 | 76% | 33% | 0% |