Round 20: Tossup 4

This religion arose from “compartmentalization” instead of “acculturation” according to a sociologist who joined it, Roger Bastide. This religion’s seven-year initiation starts with 21 days of seclusion in a temple chamber. In this religion’s “seating in the nation” ritual, converts rename their intermediary spirits in the languages of this religion’s ethnic subdivisions, which include Jeje and Ketu. [emphasize] Unlike a similar religion in which enslaved ancestors are contacted in a European language, practitioners of this religion can make sacrifices directly to 16 divinities in Fon or Yoruba. Starting in the 1970s, this religion was de-syncretized from Catholicism (10[1])through efforts by its most prominent mães-de-santo (“MY-sh jee SAHN-too”). For 10 points, orixas (“oh-ree-SHAHS”) are venerated in what religion centered in Bahia (“bah-EE-uh”), which produced the offshoot Umbanda? ■END■

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Summary